A gearbox changes speed and torque while positioning the input and output shafts for the machine. Gear geometry affects efficiency, backlash, noise, size and the loads carried by shafts and bearings.
Common arrangements
Parallel helical units are efficient and suit many conveyor or process duties. Bevel-helical gearboxes turn power through an angle. Worm units can provide high ratios in compact right-angle packages but may generate more heat. Planetary stages offer high torque density and coaxial shafts.
Rate the actual duty
Service factor must reflect operating hours, starts, reversals, shock and driven-machine characteristics. Confirm thermal capacity as well as mechanical rating, especially at low output speed or in hot surroundings.
Installation details
Check shaft direction, mounting position, lubrication, breather location and external radial or axial load. Flexible couplings do not compensate for poor alignment. Specify backlash and torsional stiffness only as tightly as the application requires.
